The early purple orchid is an erect hairless plant 20-40cms tall. It has shiny dark green leaves that usually have dark purple blotches arranged lengthwise. The flowers are bright purple-crimson, there are two upright or spreading rear sepals and two petals form a loose helmet, there is a three lobed lip with a paler purple spotted central patch. The flowers of the early purple orchid smell of tomcat, especially at night.